Different regularizations may lead to different regularized values. For instance
$$ \lim_{\lambda\to 0}\sum_{n\geq 0}n e^{-\lambda n} = +\infty $$
while the zeta regularization of $\sum_{n\geq 1} n $ gives the (in)famous value $\zeta(-1)=-\frac{1}{12}$.
If we take an hybrid between smoothed sums and the zeta regulatization we have:
$$\sum_{n\geq 1}'' n = \sum_{N\geq 1}'\frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{\zeta(0)+\zeta(-1)}{2}=-\frac{7}{24}.$$
We also have a class of regularizations that depends on a positive parameter $\delta$: the Bochner-Riesz mean. There isn't a single regularization: a regularization is just a (somewhat arbitrary) way to extend the concept of convergence. About integrals, the Cauchy principal value can be interpreted as the Fourier transform of a distribution. About series, we may say that
$$ \sum_{n\geq 1}' a_n = L$$
à-la-Cesàro if $$\lim_{N\to +\infty}\frac{A_1+\ldots+A_N}{N}=L,$$
i.e. if the sequence of partial sums is converging on average. A convergent series is also a Cesàro-convergent series, but with such an extension
$$ {\sum_{n\geq 0}}'(-1)^n = \frac{1}{2}=\lim_{\lambda\to 0}\sum_{n\geq 0}(-1)^n e^{-\lambda n}$$
where $\sum_{n\geq 0}(-1)^n$ is not convergent in the usual sense.
This post imported from StackExchange Mathematics at 2016-07-10 19:41 (UTC), posted by SE-user Jack D'Aurizio