# Renormalization in Two Dimensions.

+ 2 like - 0 dislike
207 views

I am looking for references for the scalar field theory in one-space, one-time dimension defined by:

$$\mathcal{L}=-\frac{1}{2}(\partial_{\mu}\phi)^2-\frac{1}{2}m_{2,0}^2\phi^2-\frac{1}{4!}m_{4,0}^2\phi^4-\frac{1}{6!}m_{6,0}^2\phi^6$$

That explains why the only divergences arise from closed loops which start and end on the same vertex.
And basically does renormalization in two dimensions on this Lagrangian density.

The full question is from Brown's textbook on QFT, on page 277 question 2.
I'll type it here:

The Lagrangian is the above one, for scalar field theory in one-space, one-time dimension.

a) Explain why the only divergences arise from closed loops which start and end on the same vertex.
In working out this problem be sure to draw graphs to explain what you are doing.

b) First work out the renormalization associated with the $\phi^6$ interaction.
Suppose four external lines or four lines from other vertices or some combination of external lines and lines from other vertices are connected to this interaction.
They can do so in $6!/2!$ ways. The remaining $\phi^2$ can form a single loop.
This gives a divergent term $\frac{1}{2}m_{6,0}^2<\phi(0)^2>$.
Continue to $n$ dimensions and write: $m_{6,0}^2=m_6^2\mu^{4-2n}$, where $m_6$ is a finite six-leg coupling constant with the dimensions of mass.
Why is $m_6$ finite?
Show that:$$<\phi(0)^2>=m^{n-2}\frac{\Gamma(1-n/2)}{(4\pi)^{n/2}},$$
where $m$ is the mass used for the propagator. We shall see that the particular value of this mass is irrelevant.
Thus the divergent term is given by $$-\frac{1}{2}m_6^2\mu^{2-n}\frac{1}{4\pi}\frac{1}{1-n/2},$$
and this divergence is removed by the renormalization: $$m_{4,0}^2=\mu^{2-n}\bigg[m_4^2+\frac{m_6^2}{4\pi}\frac{1}{n-2}\bigg].$$
Suppose now that two "external" lines are connected to the $\phi^6$ vertex.
They can do so in $6\cdot 5$ ways.
The remaining $\phi^4$ can form two closed loops.
This gives a divergent term $$-\frac{1}{4!}m_{6,0}^23<\phi(0)^2>^2.$$
But the two external lines can also connect to the $\phi^4$ interaction in $4\cdot 3$ ways and the remaining $\phi^2$ can form a closed loop.
This gives a divergent term:$$-\frac{1}{2}m_{4,0}^2<\phi(0)^2>.$$
Show that the divergences are removed by by the renormalization $$m_{2,0}^2=m_2^2+\frac{m_4^2}{4\pi}\frac{1}{n-2}+\frac{1}{2}\frac{m_6^2}{(4\pi)^2}\frac{1}{(n-2)^2}.$$
Note that this is independent of $m$ as advertised; there are no terms of the form $\log (m/\mu) \frac{1}{n-2}$.
Note also the triangular counter term structure.

c) Check this result by computing $$\mu dm_6^2/d\mu , \mu dm_4^2/d\mu , \mu dm_2^2/d\mu$$
and showing that they are finite.

d) check the book by Brown.

I can only do part c) of this question.
We have from part b) that $m_6^2\propto \mu^{2n-4}$ so $\mu dm_6^2/d\mu \propto \mu^{2n-4}=O(1)$ so this is finite since we take $n=2$ since we have two dimensions case here.
$m_4^2 \propto \mu^{n-2}$ so $\mu dm_4^2/d\mu \propto \mu^{n-2} = O(1)$.

Assuming I answered correctly item c), how to answer the other items here?
I am not sure I answered it correctly, though.

asked May 23, 2018

 Please use answers only to (at least partly) answer questions. To comment, discuss, or ask for clarification, leave a comment instead. To mask links under text, please type your text, highlight it, and click the "link" button. You can then enter your link URL. Please consult the FAQ for as to how to format your post. This is the answer box; if you want to write a comment instead, please use the 'add comment' button. Live preview (may slow down editor)   Preview Your name to display (optional): Email me at this address if my answer is selected or commented on: Privacy: Your email address will only be used for sending these notifications. Anti-spam verification: If you are a human please identify the position of the character covered by the symbol $\varnothing$ in the following word:p$\hbar$ysicsOve$\varnothing$flowThen drag the red bullet below over the corresponding character of our banner. When you drop it there, the bullet changes to green (on slow internet connections after a few seconds). To avoid this verification in future, please log in or register.