# Realistic interacting QFT construction

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May I ask is it true that all the interacting 4 dimension qft couldn't be constructed and defined consistently and rigorously? If we are able to rigorously constructed lower dimension qft, what are the usage of those algebraic qft since real qft is 4 dimension and have interaction. Any experts can clarify?

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user user41508

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Qmechanic

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We are not able, at least for the moment, to define in a rigorous mathematical fashion a meaningful interacting QFT in $3+1$ dimensions that is coherent with the perturbative theory utilized by physicists (in more precise words, that satisfies the Wightman axioms).

On the contrary, some rigorous interacting QFTs can be defined in lower (spatial) dimensions. Take for example the $\phi^4$ model: it is not well-defined in $3+1$ dimensions, but it is in $1+1$ and $2+1$ (the latter for sure on finite volume, I am not sure about the infinite volume limit) as proved by Glimm and Jaffe in the sixties. This simplified models, even if they may not be physically interesting, has been analyzed in the hope that the same tools may be utilized in the meaningful theories. Unluckily, this has not been the case so far (anyways, there is still ongoing work on the subject, especially concerning the Yang-Mills theory).

However there is no rigorous "no-go theorem" that says that the interacting quantum field theories in $3+1$ dimensions cannot be constructed, but it may be possible that for some model the limitations are more fundamental and not only related to the lack of mathematical tools (see the comment by A.A. below).

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user yuggib
answered May 6, 2015 by (360 points)
$\phi^4$ in 2+1 has been done in infinite volume by Feldman and Osterwalder as well as Magnen and Seneor. Also, there is a non-rigorous "no-go theorem" called the Coleman-Gross Theorem in the physics literature which excludes for instance scalar models in 3+1 (as well as pretty much anything except YM plus eventually not too many Fermions). In 4+1 there is a true theorem excluding scalar theories by Aizenman and Froehlich.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Abdelmalek Abdesselam
@AbdelmalekAbdesselam Thanks for the references.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user yuggib
Hello .thanks for clarifications – user41508 8 hours ago delete Do you mean that the only 4 dimensional "constructable" and which " satisfy wightman axioms" is only yang mills? It seems that there are no satisfying 4 dimension interacting qft at all . Is it guaranteed that wightman axioms (especially the positivity condition) must be correct in 4 dimension ? Can anyone elaborate on "the tools and techniques for constructing qft in whataever dimension are the same? Thanks

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user user41508
@AbdelmalekAbdesselam: Doesn't the Aizenman-Froehlich result only exclude a certain typpe of constructions for a $\phi^4$ theory in $>4$ dimensions? It does not prove that a scalar Wightman QFT satisfying a renormalized quartic field equations does not exist.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Arnold Neumaier
@Arnold: yes your are right. I guess a reasonable conjecture is that a Wightman scalar field in four or more dimensions must be in the Borchers class of a generalized free field. The AF result does not quite prove that. I somewhat disagree with "a certain type". While it is correct, it might suggest that AF only excluded some kind of exotic attempt at constructing a scalar QFT in >4 dimensions. The approach which they rule out via continuum limits of Euclidean lattice theories, I think, is the most standard one.

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Abdelmalek Abdesselam
@AbdelmalekAbdesselam: What do you think of Klauder's construction attempts, e.g., in arxiv.org/abs/1405.0332 ? Has anyone checked whether this would satisfy the Wightman axioms? Or proved that it does not?

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Arnold Neumaier
@Arnold: I know of the existence of the article but I did not read it, so I cannot say. From a quick glance, it seems to be written in the style of physics papers instead of math ones, and it looks more like a brief research announcement. Unless JK followed it up with a paper containing complete mathematical proofs, I am afraid your question might be undecidable...

This post imported from StackExchange Physics at 2015-05-31 13:10 (UTC), posted by SE-user Abdelmalek Abdesselam
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The tools and techniques for constructing QFTs are the same whatever the dimension. However you cannot prove conjectures which are false, no matter how powerful your tools are. The issue with 3+1 is that the class of models for which the conjecture "yeah it can be constructed" is in all likelihood true is much more narrow than in 1+1 and 2+1. Basically the only candidate is Yang-Mills theory which is a rather difficult beast. Yet there has been work on the finite volume construction by Balaban, Federbush as well as Magnen-Rivasseau-Seneor.